Material Safety Data Sheet: 1,5-Dichloropentane

Identification

Product Name: 1,5-Dichloropentane
Chemical Name: Pentamethylene dichloride
CAS Number: 111-18-2
Synonyms: Dichloropentane, Pentamethylene dichloride, n-Pentane-1,5-diyl dichloride
Recommended Use: Intermediate for organic synthesis, solvent in laboratories, chemical manufacturing
Manufacturer or Supplier: Industrial chemical supplier, contact information available on product label or shipping documents
Emergency Phone Number: Chemtrec +1-800-424-9300 (US), supplier local emergency contacts may vary by region

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 4), Acute Toxicity-Oral (Category 4), Skin Irritant (Category 2), Eye Irritant (Category 2A), Specific Target Organ Toxicity-Single Exposure (Category 3)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, causes skin and eye irritation, may cause respiratory tract irritation, combustible liquid, may cause drowsiness or dizziness
Pictograms: Exclamation mark, Health hazard
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors or spray; use only in well-ventilated areas; wash hands thoroughly after handling; wear protective gloves, clothing, and eye protection; keep away from heat and open flame; if swallowed, rinse mouth and seek medical advice; in case of contact with eyes, rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; continue rinsing

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Identity: 1,5-Dichloropentane
Concentration: 95-100%
CAS Number: 111-18-2
Impurities: Trace amounts of related chlorinated alkanes may be present, typically below 1%

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air; keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing; seek immediate medical attention if respiratory symptoms develop
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; remove contact lenses if present; continue rinsing; seek medical attention if irritation persists
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately; wash skin thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical advice if irritation develops or persists
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth with water; never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person; seek prompt medical attention
Most Important Symptoms/Effects: Dizziness, headache, nausea, skin or eye redness, respiratory discomfort; severe exposure can cause central nervous system depression

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Foam, dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, water spray (do not use water jet directly)
Specific Hazards: Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air and travel to ignition sources; combustion produces toxic and corrosive gases such as hydrogen chloride and phosgene
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus
Special Fire Fighting Procedures: Evacuate area, use water spray to cool unopened containers, avoid inhalation of combustion products

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, ventilate area, prevent inhalation of vapors, wear suitable protective equipment including gloves and eye protection
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so; do not let product enter drains or watercourses
Methods for Cleanup: Absorb with inert material such as sand or earth; collect in suitable containers for proper disposal; clean residuals with detergent and water; ventilate affected area; decontaminate tools and equipment after use

Handling and Storage

Handling: Avoid inhalation of vapors and contact with skin, eyes, and clothing; use only in well-ventilated areas; handle away from sources of heat or ignition; keep container tightly closed when not in use
Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location away from direct sunlight and incompatible materials such as strong bases and oxidizers; keep containers tightly sealed and upright; maintain temperature below 30°C (86°F); use corrosion-resistant storage containers

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Exposure Limit Values: No specific OSHA or ACGIH exposure limits established; minimize exposure as much as possible
Engineering Controls: Provide sufficient mechanical ventilation; use fume hoods in laboratory settings; ensure proper local exhaust at emission sources
Personal Protection: Wear protective gloves (nitrile recommended), chemical splash goggles, face shield as needed, and suitable protective clothing; use respiratory protection if ventilation is insufficient or exposure limits are likely to be exceeded
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; avoid wearing contaminated clothing; do not eat, drink, or smoke while using the product

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Faint chloroform-like smell
Odor Threshold: Not established
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point/Freezing Point: -68°C (-90°F)
Boiling Point/Range: 193°C (379°F)
Flash Point: 72°C (162°F) (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: No data available
Flammability: Combustible liquid
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits: Not established
Vapor Pressure: 0.8 mmHg at 25°C
Vapor Density: 4.4 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 1.09 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility in Water: Insoluble (less than 1 mg/L)
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Log Kow = 2.51
Auto-ignition Temperature: 385°C (725°F)
Decomposition Temperature: Not determined
Viscosity: Not determined

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended handling and storage conditions
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: May react with strong oxidizers and strong alkalis, potentially liberating toxic gases
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flame, exposure to moisture and strong light
Incompatible Materials: Oxidizing agents, strong bases, amines, alkali metals
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride gas, phosgene, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide

Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin, and eye contact
Acute Toxicity: LD50 Oral (rat): 600 mg/kg; LD50 Dermal (rabbit): not established
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes moderate skin irritation
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes eye irritation
Respiratory Sensitization: May irritate respiratory tract, causing coughing or discomfort
Skin Sensitization: Not classified as a sensitizer
Carcinogenicity: Not listed by IARC, NTP, OSHA as a carcinogen
Mutagenicity: No evidence from available data
Reproductive Toxicity: No reproductive toxicity data available
Specific Target Organ Toxicity: May cause transient central nervous system depression (drowsiness, dizziness) at high concentrations
Aspiration Hazard: Not classified as an aspiration hazard based on physical properties

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms; fish 96-hour LC50: 39 mg/L (estimated, not definitive); invertebrates and algae acute data limited
Persistence and Degradability: Not readily biodegradable, expected to persist in soil and water due to halogenated structure
Bioaccumulative Potential: Potential for moderate bioaccumulation (Log Kow = 2.51)
Mobility in Soil: Low, due to poor water solubility, but may migrate if spilled
Other Adverse Effects: Can contribute to long-term contamination if released into environment; avoid uncontrolled release

Disposal Considerations

Product Disposal: Dispose of at qualified hazardous waste facility in compliance with local, state, and federal regulations; avoid pouring into drains or releasing into environment
Contaminated Packaging: Empty containers may retain product residues; dispose of containers as hazardous waste at approved sites; do not reuse packaging
Recycle/Reuse: Recycling is not practical; incineration by licensed waste management company is recommended

Transport Information

UN Number: 1993
UN Proper Shipping Name: Flammable liquids, n.o.s. (1,5-Dichloropentane)
Transport Hazard Class: 3
Packing Group: III
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant (due to aquatic toxicity)
Special Precautions for User: Ensure proper labeling and placarding of containers; keep away from ignition sources during transport; comply with all applicable transport regulations (DOT, IMDG, IATA)

Regulatory Information

Inventory Listings: Listed on TSCA (US), EINECS/ELINCS (EU), DSL (Canada), AICS (Australia), and other relevant chemical inventories
SARA Title III: Not subject to Section 302 or 313 reporting; may be subject to Section 311/312 hazard categorization
OSHA Hazardous Chemical: Classified as hazardous under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
California Proposition 65: Not listed as a chemical known to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity
Other Regulatory Notes: Subject to restrictions for hazardous air pollutants in some jurisdictions; users should consult local, regional, and national regulations prior to handling or disposal